N5: 1-80

人生

人生 じんせい (human) life (i.e. conception to death)

人間

人間 にんげん human being; person; man; mankind; humankind; character (of a person)

人々

人々 ひとびと each person; people; men and women; everybody

恋人

恋人 こいびと lover; sweetheart

一人

一人 ひとり one person; alone; unmarried; solitary

一緒

一緒 いっしょ together; at the same time; same; identical

一

一 いち one; best; first; foremost; beginning; start; bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)

同一

同一 どういつ identical; same; one and the same; equal; fair; equal treatment; without discrimination

一言

一言 ひとこと single word; a few words; brief comment

休日

休日 きゅうじつ holiday; day off

毎日

毎日 まいにち every day

日記

日記 にっき diary; journal

日本

日本 にほん Japan

日

日 ひ day; days; sun; sunshine; sunlight; case (esp. unfortunate); event

三日

三日 みっか the third day of the month; three days

曜日

曜日 ようび day of the week

生年月日

生年月日 せいねんがっぴ birth date; date of birth; DOB

今日

今日 きょう today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays

大学

大学 だいがく post-secondary education institution, incl. university, college, etc.; former central university of Kyoto

大会

大会 たいかい convention; tournament; mass meeting; rally

大いに

大いに おおいに very; much; greatly; a lot of

大人

大人 おとな adult

年間

年間 ねんかん years (period of)

毎年

毎年 まいとし every year; yearly; annually

今年

今年 ことし this year

外出

外出 がいしゅつ outing; trip; going out

出身

出身 しゅっしん person's origin (e.g. city, country, parentage, school)

出納

出納 すいとう receipts and expenditure (disbursements)

出る

出る でる to leave; to exit; to go out; to come out; to get out; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to start out; to set out; to move forward; to come to; to get to; to lead to; to reach; to appear; to come out; to emerge; to surface; to come forth

出す

出す だす to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to show; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish; to make public; to send (e.g. letter); to produce (a sound); to start (fire); to serve (food); to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into...

貸出用

貸出用 かしだしよう circulation or lending (e.g. library books)

本人

本人 ほんにん the person himself

一本

一本 いっぽん one long cylindrical thing; one film, TV show, etc.; one goal, home run, etc.; one telephone call; one version; one book; a certain book; ippon; one point; a blow; experienced geisha; single-minded focus on...

単行本

単行本 たんこうぼん special book; separate volume; book of lectures

根本

根本 こんぽん root; source; origin; foundation; base; principle

中学

中学 ちゅうがく middle school; junior high school

年中

年中 ねんじゅう whole year; all year round; throughout the year; always; all the time; middle class (of a nursery school, etc.)

背中

背中 せなか back (of body)

男子

男子 だんし youth; young man

様子

様子 ようす state; state of affairs; situation; circumstances; appearance; look; aspect; sign; indication

王子

王子 おうじ prince; subordinate Kumano shrine

男の子

男の子 おとこのこ boy; male child; baby boy

双子

双子 ふたご twins; twin

息子

息子 むすこ son; penis

意見

意見 いけん opinion; view; comment

見る

見る みる to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe; to look over; to look on; to assess; to examine; to judge; to look after;

外国

外国 がいこく foreign country

天国

天国 てんごく paradise; heaven; Kingdom of Heaven

国家

国家 こっか state; country; nation

国

国 くに country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan); land; earth

以上

以上 いじょう not less than; ... and more; ... and upwards; beyond ... (e.g. one's means); further (e.g. nothing further to say); more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that); above-mentioned; foregoing; since ...; seeing that

上人

上人 しょうにん holy priest; saint

上

上 うえ above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); top; summit; surface; on; before; previous; superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); on top of that; besides; what's more; upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after);

川上

川上 かわかみ upper reaches of a river; upstream

上がる

上がる あがる to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to go in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water); to come ashore; to increase; to improve; to make progress;

上着

上着 うわぎ coat; tunic; jacket; outer garment

上り

上り のぼり ascent; climbing; ascending (path); climb; up-train (e.g. going to Tokyo); northward (towards Tokyo)

半分

半分 はんぶん half

大分

大分 だいぶ considerably; greatly; a lot

分間

分間 ふんかん minutes (period of)

十分

十分 じっぷん 10 minutes

分かる

分かる わかる to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow; to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized; to be realised; to be found out

一生

一生 いっしょう whole life; a lifetime; all through life; one existence; a generation; an age; the whole world; the era; (the only, the greatest, etc.) of one's life

誕生

誕生 たんじょう birth; creation; formation

生

生 なま raw; uncooked; fresh; natural; as it is; unedited; unprocessed; unprotected (i.e. not wearing a condom); live (i.e. not recorded); inexperienced;

生地

生地 きじ cloth; fabric; material; texture; one's true character; unglazed pottery; uncooked dough; batter

生きる

生きる いきる to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use; to function; to come to life; to be enlivened; to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)

生まれ

生まれ うまれ birth; birthplace; born in (country, month, imperial era, zodiac year, etc.)

生える

生える はえる to grow; to spring up; to sprout; to cut (teeth)

生る

生る なる to bear fruit

生い立ち

生い立ち おいたち growth; development; one's early life; upbringing; personal history

千生

千生 せんなり great collection (of things); cluster; bunch; bottle gourd

生

生 ふ area of thick growth (of trees, grass, etc.)

芝生

芝生 しばふ lawn

旅行

旅行 りょこう travel; trip

行事

行事 ぎょうじ event; function

行脚

行脚 あんぎゃ pilgrimage; traveling on foot

行き

行き ゆき bound for ...; going (to)

行く

行く いく to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to head (towards); to be transported (towards); to reach; to proceed;

行う

行う おこなう to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out

行方

行方 ゆくえ (one's) whereabouts; outcome

二

二 に two

二つ

二つ ふたつ two

二人

二人 ふたり two persons; two people; pair; couple

時間

時間 じかん time; hours (period of)

世間

世間 せけん world; society

昼間

昼間 ひるま daytime; during the day; time from sunrise until sunset; diurnal period

間

間 あいだ space (between); gap; interval; distance; time (between); pause; break; span (temporal or spatial); stretch; period (while); relationship (between, among); members (within, among); due to; because of

時

時 とき time; hour; moment; occasion; case; chance; opportunity; season; the times; the age; the day; tense

今時

今時 いまどき present day; today; recently; these days; nowadays; at this hour

時計

時計 とけい watch; clock; timepiece

電気

電気 でんき electricity; (electric) light

気配

気配 けはい indication; sign; hint; presence; trend; quotation (esp. stock market)

何気ない

何気ない なにげない casual; unconcerned; nonchalant

浮気

浮気 うわき extramarital sex; affair; fooling around; infidelity; wantonness; unfaithfulness; inconstancy; fickleness; caprice

十

十 じゅう ten

十日

十日 とおか the tenth day of the month; ten days

二十日

二十日 はつか twentieth day of the month; twenty days

彼女

彼女 かのじょ she; her; her; girlfriend; sweetheart

女人

女人 にょにん women

女房

女房 にょうぼう wife (esp. one's own wife); court lady; female court attache; woman who served at the imperial palace; woman (esp. as a love interest)

女の子

女の子 おんなのこ girl; daughter; young woman

女神

女神 めがみ goddess; female deity

三

三 さん three; tri-

三日月

三日月 みかづき new moon; crescent moon

三つ

三つ みっつ three

三味線

三味線 しゃみせん shamisen; samisen; three-stringed Japanese lute

午前

午前 ごぜん morning; a.m.

名前

名前 なまえ name; full name; given name; first name

入学

入学 にゅうがく entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.)

気に入る

気に入る きにいる to be pleased with; to suit

入る

入る はいる to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold; to accommodate; to have (an income of); to get; to receive; to score

入口

入口 いりぐち entrance; entry; gate; approach; mouth

借入金

借入金 かりいれきん loan; loan payable; debt

小説

小説 しょうせつ novel; (short) story

小屋

小屋 こや hut; cabin; shed; (animal) pen; small theatre (theater); temporary playhouse; circus tent; booth; one's own house

小さい

小さい ちいさい small; little; tiny

小川

小川 おがわ streamlet; brook

午後

午後 ごご afternoon; p.m.

後半

後半 こうはん second half; latter half

後

後 あと behind; rear; after; later; after one's death; remainder; the rest; descendant; successor; heir; more (e.g. five more minutes); left; also; in addition; past; previous

後

後 のち later; afterwards; since; future; after one's death; descendant

気後れ

気後れ きおくれ nervous; timid

後

後 しり buttocks; behind; rump; bottom; undersurface; bottom; last place; end; consequence

明後日

明後日 あさって day after tomorrow

長男

長男 ちょうなん eldest son (may be the only son); first-born son

長い

長い ながい long (distance); long (time); lengthy

以下

以下 いか not exceeding; and downward; ... and below; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following; the rest

上下

上下 じょうげ top and bottom; high and low; above and below; upper and lower ends; up and down; going up and down; rising and falling; fluctuating; going and coming back; upper and lower classes; ruler and ruled;

下着

下着 したぎ underwear

下

下 しも lower reaches (of a river); bottom; lower part; lower half (of the body, esp. the privates); feces (faeces); urine; menses; end; far from the imperial palace

下

下 もと under (esp. influence or guidance)

下がる

下がる さがる to come down; to go down; to fall; to drop; to sink; to get lower; to hang; to dangle; to move back; to step back; to withdraw; to retire;

下り

下り くだり down-train (going away from Tokyo); down-slope; downward going

下ろす

下ろす おろす to take down (e.g. flag); to launch (e.g. boat); to drop; to lower (e.g. ladder); to let (a person) off; to unload; to discharge; to drop off; for the first time; to fillet (e.g. a fish)

下手

下手 へた unskillful; poor; awkward; imprudent; untactful

学校

学校 がっこう school

学ぶ

学ぶ まなぶ to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in

今月

今月 こんげつ this month

八月

八月 はちがつ August

月間

月間 げっかん month-long period; (during) month

毎月

毎月 まいつき every month; each month; monthly

幾何

幾何 きか geometry

何とか

何とか なんとか something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another

何

何 なに what; how many; you-know-what; that; whatsit; what's the expression; what do you call them; what?; hey!

来年

来年 らいねん next year

出来事

出来事 できごと incident; affair; happening; event

来る

来る くる to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from;

来る

来る きたる next (e.g. "next April"); forthcoming; coming; to come; to arrive; to be due to

電話

電話 でんわ telephone call; phone call; telephone (device); phone

話

話 はなし talk; speech; chat; story; conversation; discussions; negotiation; argument

話す

話す はなす to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat; to tell; to explain; to narrate; to mention; to describe; to discuss; to speak (a language)

昔話

昔話 むかしばなし old tale; folk tale; legend; reminiscence

山間

山間 さんかん among the mountains

火山

火山 かざん volcano

山

山 やま mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw); tread (of a tire); protruding part of an object; climax;

山車

山車 だし festival car (float)

高校

高校 こうこう senior high school; high school

高い

高い たかい high; tall; expensive

円高

円高 えんだか appreciation of the yen; strong yen; strengthening of the yen; high-valued yen; exchange in favor of the yen (favour)

今後

今後 こんご from now on; hereafter

今上

今上 きんじょう the reigning emperor

今

今 いま now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately; (one) more

読書

読書 どくしょ reading

古文書

古文書 こもんじょ ancient document; archives; ancient manuscript; paleograph; document addressed to someone in particular (jargon used in paleography)

書く

書く かく to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint

葉書

葉書 はがき postcard; memo; note; card

下書き

下書き したがき rough copy; draft; draught

書留

書留 かきとめ registered mail; registration (e.g. of mail); writing down; putting on record; recording; making a note of

五

五 ご five

五つ

五つ いつつ five

有名

有名 ゆうめい famous; fame

本名

本名 ほんみょう real name

名残

名残 なごり remains; traces; vestiges; relics; (the sorrow of) parting; end

料金

料金 りょうきん fee; charge; fare

賃金

賃金 ちんぎん wages; cash payment of rent

お金

お金 おかね money

引き金

引き金 ひきがね trigger; gunlock

外科

外科 げか surgery; department of surgery (hospital, etc.)

外

外 そと outside; exterior; open air; other place

外す

外す はずす to unfasten; to undo; to remove; to take off; to deinstall; to leave; to step out; to slip away; to miss (a target)

四季

四季 しき four seasons

四

四 よん four

四年

四年 よねん four years

四つ

四つ よっつ four

先生

先生 せんせい teacher; master; doctor; with names of teachers, etc. as an honorific; previous existence

先に

先に さきに before; earlier than; first; ahead; beyond; away; previously; recently

河川

河川 かせん rivers

川

川 かわ river; stream; the ... river; (suffix used with the names of rivers)

東西

東西 とうざい east and west; Orient and Occident; East and West; Ladies and Gentlemen!; Your attention, please!; roll-up, roll-up

東

東 ひがし east

新聞

新聞 しんぶん newspaper

前代未聞

前代未聞 ぜんだいみもん unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-breaking

聞く

聞く きく to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to query; to learn of; to hear about; to follow (advice); to comply with; to smell (esp. incense); to sample fragrance

英語

英語 えいご English (language)

語る

語る かたる to talk about; to speak of; to tell; to narrate; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show

物語

物語 ものがたり tale; story; legend

九

九 きゅう nine

九月

九月 くがつ September

九つ

九つ ここのつ nine

食事

食事 しょくじ meal; to eat

食器

食器 しょっき tableware

断食

断食 だんじき fasting

食べる

食べる たべる to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on

食う

食う くう to eat; to live; to make a living; to survive; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment; to taunt; to make light of; to make fun of

八

八 はち eight

八本

八本 はっぽん eight (long cylindrical things)

八百屋

八百屋 やおや greengrocer

八日

八日 ようか the eighth day of the month; eight days

八つ

八つ やっつ eight

水道

水道 すいどう water service; water supply

洪水

洪水 こうずい flood

水

水 みず water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout; break granted to wrestlers engaged in a prolonged bout

天気

天気 てんき weather; the elements; fair weather; fine weather

天下り

天下り あまくだり retiring high-ranking government officials taking a lucrative job in a private or semi-private corporation; command (from superior to inferior, government to private sector, etc.); order; imposition; descent from heaven

天皇

天皇 てんのう Emperor of Japan

木曜

木曜 もくよう Thursday

土木

土木 どぼく engineering works; civil engineering; public works

木工

木工 もっこう woodworking; woodworker; carpenter

木

木 き tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber

木立

木立 こだち grove of trees

木綿

木綿 もめん cotton (material); red silk-cotton tree (Bombax ceiba)

六

六 ろく six

六日

六日 むいか sixth day of the month; six days

六つ

六つ むっつ six

万人

万人 ばんにん all people; everybody; ten thousand people

万一

万一 まんいち emergency; unlikely event; by some chance; by some possibility

白人

白人 はくじん white person; Caucasian

白血病

白血病 はっけつびょう leukemia

白い

白い しろい white

青白い

青白い あおじろい pale; pallid; bluish-white

白木

白木 しらき plain wood; unfinished woodwork

白髪

白髪 しらが white hair; grey hair; gray hair

七

七 しち seven; hepta-

七日

七日 なのか the seventh day of the month; seven days

七つ

七つ ななつ seven

七夕

七夕 たなばた Festival of the Weaver (July 7th); Star Festival (one of the five annual festivals)

円

円 えん yen; Japanese monetary unit; circle

円

円 まる circle; entirety; whole; full; complete; money; dough; moola; enclosure inside a castle's walls; soft-shelled turtle; suffix for ship names; suffix for names of people suffix for names of dogs, horses, etc.

電車

電車 でんしゃ train; electric train

祖父

祖父 そふ grandfather; old man; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man

神父

神父 しんぷ Catholic priest; abbe; reverend father; minister; padre

父親

父親 ちちおや father

お父さん

お父さん おとうさん father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy; dada

北東

北東 ほくとう northeast

北極

北極 ほっきょく North Pole; the Arctic

南北

南北 なんぼく north and south; north to south; South Korea and North Korea

北

北 きた north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; north wind

北京

北京 ペキン Beijing; Peking

車

車 くるま car; automobile; vehicle; wheel

歯車

歯車 はぐるま gear; cog-wheel

祖母

祖母 そぼ grandmother

母親

母親 ははおや mother

お母さん

お母さん おかあさん mother

半ば

半ば なかば middle; half; semi; halfway; partly

百

百 ひゃく 100; hundred

何百

何百 なんびゃく hundreds

百貨店

百貨店 ひゃっかてん (department) store; (department) stores

国土

国土 こくど country; territory; domain; realm

土地

土地 とち plot of land; lot; soil; locality; region; place

土

土 つち earth; soil; dirt; clay; mud; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; the land;

土産

土産 みやげ present; souvenir

西洋

西洋 せいよう the west; Western countries

関西

関西 かんさい Kansai; region consisting of Osaka, Kobe, Kyoto and surrounding prefectures; Kansai; south-western half of Japan (during the feudal era)

西

西 にし west

句読点

句読点 くとうてん punctuation mark; punctuation marks

読本

読本 とくほん reading-book; reader; guidebook; manual; textbook (esp. a pre-war elementary school Japanese language textbook)

読む

読む よむ to read; to count; to guess; to predict; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine

千

千 せん 1,000; thousand

何千

何千 なんぜん many thousands

左右

左右 さゆう left and right; influence; control; domination

右翼

右翼 うよく right-wing (politics); extreme right-wing group; right wing (bird, plane, etc.); right field; right flank; right wing; right fielder; high rank; high grade; A-student

右

右 みぎ right; right hand side; afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing); foregoing; forgoing; above

南無

南無 なむ amen; hail

南

南 みなみ south

左

左 ひだり left; left hand side

友人

友人 ゆうじん friend

友達

友達 ともだち friend; companion

火

火 ひ fire; flame; blaze

花火

花火 はなび fireworks

雨天

雨天 うてん rainy weather

雨

雨 あめ rain

小雨

小雨 こさめ light rain; drizzle

雨上がり

雨上がり あまあがり after the rain

休み

休み やすみ rest; recess; respite; vacation; holiday; absence; suspension; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)