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RULE 1 Use the passive to put the focus on the person or thing affected by the action 开始学习
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I've been given quite a few fines over the years.
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RULE 2 a) Use the passive when the person or thing that did the action: a) is obvious. 开始学习
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But we're being sent stuff all the time anyway.
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RULE 2 b) Use the passive when the person or thing that did the action: b) is unknown. 开始学习
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Not long ago a friend of mine was robbed at a bus stop.
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RULE 2 c) Use the passive when the person or thing that did the action: c) isn't important. 开始学习
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I don't want to be sent adverts from companies that I don't know.
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RULE 2 d) Use the passive when the person or thing that did the action: d) isn't the main focus. 开始学习
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I think statistically more crimes are solved because of CCTV than not.
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RULE 3 Use the passive to bring the object of the verb to the beginning of the sentence, 开始学习
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Money should be spent somewhere else to be honest.
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RULE 4 Use the passive to make certain written texts (e.g. academic) more impersonal or formal. 开始学习
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I think statistically more crimes are solved because of CCTV than not.
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Not long ago a friend of mine was robbed at a bus stop. 开始学习
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I think statistically more crimes are solved because of CCTV than not. 开始学习
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I don't want to be sent adverts from companies that I don't know. 开始学习
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But we're being sent stuff all the time anyway. 开始学习
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I've been given quite a few fines over the years. 开始学习
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Money should be spent somewhere else to be honest. 开始学习
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A friend of mine was robbed. 开始学习
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开始学习
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I don't want to be sent adverts. 开始学习
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We're being sent stuff all the time. 开始学习
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Money should be spent somewhere else. 开始学习
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A cat's, operated, this, My, being, on, afternoon 开始学习
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My cat's being operated on this afternoon.
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be, He'll, later, or, sooner, caught 开始学习
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He'll be caught sooner or later.
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badly, in, fire, was, burnt, the, Kim 开始学习
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Kim was burnt badly/badly burnt in the fire.
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of, middle, the, in, up, woken, being, mind, don't, They, night, the 开始学习
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They don't mind being woken up in the middle of the night.
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is, the, catches, It, that, bird, worm, said, early, the 开始学习
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It is said that the early bird catches the worm.
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the, asked, whole, I've, give, been, to, speech, to, school, a 开始学习
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I've been asked to give a speech to the whole school
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at, by, She's, be, desk, day, to, her, 9 a.m., expected, every 开始学习
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She's expected to be at her desk by 9 a.m. every day.
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monitored, sometimes, emails, supervisor, by, their, are, Employees' 开始学习
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Employees' emails are sometimes monitored by their supervisor.
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hurt, you, care, Someone, get, if, could, take, don'y 开始学习
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Someone could get hurt if you don't take care.
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crash, nobody, It, has, is, survived, believed, the, that 开始学习
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It is believed that nobody has survived the crash.
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Google Street View (use) to help find a kidnapped child in rural Georgia. 开始学习
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Google Street View has been used to help find a kidnapped child in rural Georgia.
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Ten-year-old Maria Nadal, from Atlanta, Georgia, (find) safely at a motel on Tuesday. 开始学习
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Ten-year-old Maria Nadal, from Atlanta, Georgia, was found safely at a motel on Tuesday.
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She (discovered) by Police Officer Ned Beales and Deputy Fire Chief Louis Thomas. 开始学习
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She was discovered by Police Officer Ned Beales and Deputy Fire Chief Louis Thomas
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They (put) the coordinates from Maria's mobile phone into Google Street View and were able to identify one of the buildings as a motel. 开始学习
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They put the coordinates from Maria's mobile phone into Google Street View and were able to identify one of the buildings as a motel.
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开始学习
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A woman has been arrested.
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She (believe) to be Maria's grandmother, 开始学习
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She's believed to be Maria's grandmother,
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and family friends said that the woman had complained about (separate) from the little girl. 开始学习
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and family friends said that the woman had complained about being separated from the little girl.
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Legal experts say she (might, give) a warning and a fine rather than go to prison because she is a family member. 开始学习
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Legal experts say she might be given a warning and a fine rather than go to prison because she is a family member.
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Read the text about microchips. Underline the best form, active or passive, so that it a) keeps the focus on the main ideas and b) is correct. 开始学习
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Microchips are everywhere...
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... and their uses range from the ordinary to the more worrying. For example, (?) in food packaging. companies can place them/they can be placed 开始学习
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... and their uses range from the ordinary to the more worrying. For example, they can be placed in food packaging. This keeps microchips as the main focus
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Then your fridge monitors your food so that (?) when it's time for they can remind you/you can be reminded 开始学习
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Then your fridge monitors your food so that you can be reminded when it's time for now the focus shifts to "you" and what "you" do, i.e., it's not focusing primarily on the microchips anymore
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you can be reminded when it's time for (?). you to buy something/a product to be bought. 开始学习
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you can be reminded when it's time for you to buy something.
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The medical world has suggested that (?) in newborn babies. Then the person's movements and habits can be tracked throughout their lives. doctors could implant microchips/microchips could be implanted 开始学习
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The medical world has suggested that microchips could be implanted in newborn babies. Then the person's movements and habits can be tracked throughout their lives. keep the focus on microchips, the main topic of the whole text
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Scientists could also implant/ Microchips could also be implanted 开始学习
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Microchips could also be implanted in criminals keep the focus on microchips
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so that police can (?) track of them, 开始学习
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so that police can keep track of them, "police" is the subject or agent of the verb, so it needs an active verb
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and possibly identify the whereabouts of known criminals at the time (?) someone commits a crime/a crime is committed. 开始学习
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and possibly identify the whereabouts of known criminals at the time a crime is committed. we don't know who commits the crime
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And if you're a kind of person who loses things easily, (?) you can buy a set of clip-on microchips/a set of clip-on microchips can be bought 开始学习
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And if you're a kind of person who loses things easily, you can buy a set of clip-on microchips the new focus is on "you", established at the beginning of this sentence
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which (?) to any object you want to keep track of - for example your handbag. you can attach/can be attached 开始学习
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which can be attached to any object you want to keep track of - for example your handbag. both answers are possible, but "can be attached" sounds better since the focus has just shifted to "a set of clip-on microchips"
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If the object gets lost, (?) to find it. you can use your phone/your phone can be used 开始学习
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If the object gets lost, your phone can be used to find it. both answers are possible, "you can use your phone" sounds slightly less formal
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