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The first person to distinguish psychology from philosophy or biology 开始学习
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The belief that we see reality as it really is (objectively and without bias); that the facts are plain for all to see. 开始学习
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Founded by Titchener, division of psychology that seeks to identify all aspects of thinking 开始学习
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Founded by William James, a division of psychology influenced by Darwin that seeks to uncover the purpose of behavior and thoughts. 开始学习
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Researched by BF Skinner, Watson, and Pavlov, a faction of psychology that seeks to objectively test the laws of behavior. 开始学习
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Founded by Jean Piaget, a class of psychology that factors in a person's conscious thoughts and stimulus as a reason for behavior. 开始学习
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Cognitivism (cognitive psychology)
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An arm of psychology headed by Sigmund Freud that focuses on unconsious thoughts and desires as an explaination for behavior. 开始学习
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The "devil", unconsious urges and desires 开始学习
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The consious self, the part of you that weighs decisions, stuck in the middle 开始学习
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The "angel", where morals and ideals are stored 开始学习
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The tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that confirms one's preconceptions, leading to statistical errors. 开始学习
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The tendency to stick to initial beliefs when evidence contradicts them. 开始学习
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Principal that sometimes the simplest solution is the correct one. 开始学习
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What was Sigmund Freud right about? 开始学习
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There are unconscious drives that lead to behaviors.
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What is the definition of psychology? 开始学习
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The study of the mind, brain, and behavior
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Rungs on a ladder of analysis with lower levels tied most closely to biological influences and higher levels tied most closely to social influences 开始学习
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Caused by several factors 开始学习
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Variations among people in their thinking, emotion, personality, and behavior 开始学习
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explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world 开始学习
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Assertion about the world that is not testable 开始学习
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A set of claims that seem scientific but aren't 开始学习
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A loophole that defenders of a theory use to protect their theory from falsification 开始学习
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Ad hoc immunizing hypothesis
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The tendency to detect meaningful patterns in random stimuli 开始学习
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A theory proposing that our awareness of our death leaves us with an underlying sense of terror with which we cope by adopting reassuring cultural worldviews 开始学习
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An error of assuming that because one thing is associated with another, it must cause the other 开始学习
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Correlation-Causation Fallacy
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a mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument 开始学习
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Capable of being disproved 开始学习
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When a study's findings are able to be duplicated ideally by independent investigators 开始学习
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The fact that the size of certain psychological findings appears to be shrinking over time 开始学习
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Method by which trained observers carefully reflect and report on their mental experiences 开始学习
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Principal that organisms that possess adaptations survive and reproduce at a higher rate than do other organisms 开始学习
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A relatively new field of psychology that examines the relation between brain functioning and thinking 开始学习
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A discipline that applies Darwin's theory of natural selection to human and animal behavior 开始学习
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Research examining how we can use basic research to solve real-world problems 开始学习
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Type of psychologist that performs assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental disorders; also does research 开始学习
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Type of psychologist that works with people experiencing temporary or relatively self contained problems 开始学习
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Type of psychologist that studies how and why people change over time 开始学习
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Developmental psychologist
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Use research methods to study memory, language, thinking and social behaviors of humans 开始学习
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Experimental psychologist
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Examines the physiological bases of behavior in animals and humans 开始学习
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works in prisons, jails, etc. to assess and diagnose inmates and assist with their rehabilitation and treatment; others conduct research on eyewitness testimony or jury decision making 开始学习
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Works in companies and businesses to help select productive employees, evaluate performance, examine the effects of different working and living conditions on behavior 开始学习
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Industrial-Organizational (aka environmental) psychologists
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