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What are the three key elements of a social organization? 开始学习
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• Group of people (collaboration, group work) • Formal processes (roles, decentralization) • Shared goals (societal transformation, common benefits)
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What are the main components of a school as an organization (Antúnez, 1997)? 开始学习
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• Goals • Resources (human, material, operational) • Structure (organizational units, roles) • Technology (teaching methods) • Culture (values, norms) • Context (immediate and broader)
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Name three bureaucratic or structural characteristics of schools. 开始学习
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• Hierarchical and poorly coordinated • Forced recruitment (compulsory attendance) • Subject to social pressure and limited resources
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How are educational organizations different from other types of organizations? 开始学习
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• Complex and paradoxical goals • Focus on equity, not market efficiency • Scarce resources vs. high expectations • Qualitative + quantitative evaluation • Less control over career paths
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What are “Schools as Learning Communities”? 开始学习
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A model based on dialogical learning, community participation, equality, and transformation of both schools and their social environments. Model oparty na uczeniu się poprzez dialog, udziale społeczności, równości oraz transformacji szkół i ich środowisk społecznych.
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Name two interactive strategies used in Learning Communities. 开始学习
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• Interactive Groups • Dialogic Literary Gatherings
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What are the benefits of interactive learning environments for students? 开始学习
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• Improved academic results • Enhanced social skills and behavior • Inclusion of students with special needs • Transfer of learning to other contexts
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What are Anti-Authoritarian Models of education based on? 开始学习
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• Individual freedom and autonomy • No imposed authority • Play as a way to access knowledge • Coeducation and self-management
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Give two examples of anti-authoritarian schools. 开始学习
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• Summerhill (Neill, 1921) • Paideia School (Spain, 1978)
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开始学习
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Education delivered via internet technologies combining pedagogy and computing to provide flexible, accessible, and cost-effective learning.
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What is the core idea behind deschooling? 开始学习
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Education should happen outside institutional systems; focus on real-world learning and creative autonomy. Originated by Illich and Reimer.
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What is a Community Integral Educational Project? 开始学习
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A holistic plan integrating cultural, technological, and social actions in education from a cooperative and inclusive perspective.
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What is the purpose of School Networks? 开始学习
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To create educational partnerships that solve shared challenges through community-based collaboration among institutions and professionals.
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开始学习
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An alternative form of education conducted at home, focusing on personalized, holistic development. It challenges the state’s educational monopoly.
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What are Successful Educational Actions (SEAs)? 开始学习
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Evidence-based strategies (e.g., Interactive Groups, Dialogic Gatherings) that improve academic outcomes and promote social cohesion.
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