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rapid, laboured, synchronous inspiratory effort; rapid, laboured, asynchronous inspiratory effort; increased expiratory effort; loud, slow, and noisy (heard without a stethoscope; may be rapid if patient hyperthermic)
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rapid, laboured, synchronous inspiratory effort - region affected 开始学习
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pulmonary interstitium, pulmonary oedema from CHF
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rapid, laboured, asynchronous inspiratory effort - region affected 开始学习
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increased expiratory effort - region affected 开始学习
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lower airway, alveolar flooding from CHF
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loud, slow, and noisy (heard without a stethoscope; may be rapid if patient hyperthermic) 开始学习
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upper airway (nose to distal trachea)
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the chest and abdomen moving together during inhalation and exhalation
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the chest and abdomen moving opposite from each other during inhalation and exhalation
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generalized reduced lung sounds may suggest 开始学习
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pleural space occupation with fluid or air
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focal reduction in lung sounds may identify 开始学习
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a lobe that is not aerating (eg, torsion)
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moist crackles can develop with 开始学习
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pulmonary oedema (cardiogenic/noncardiogenic)/interstitial inflammation
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lobar pulmonary disease (crackles are focal) 开始学习
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aspiration pneumonia, contusion, neoplasia
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diffuse moist lung sounds are accompanied by a heart murmur and/or a cardiac dysrhythmia 开始学习
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pulmonary oedema secondary to CHF
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interstitial pneumonia, neoplasia, noncardiogenic pulmonary oedema, parenchymal bleeding
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diaphragmatic hernia, diaphragmatic paralysis, hemothorax, pleural effusion, pneumothorax
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acute bronchoconstriction, alveolar fluid accumulation, tracheobronchial inflammation
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upper airway (nose to distal trachea) 开始学习
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elongated soft palate, laryngeal disease, nasal, oropharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, laryngeal obstruction, tracheal disease
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historical evidence of heart disease 开始学习
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heart murmur, exercise intolerance, coughing without activity
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anticoagulant intoxication can cause a variety of cardiopulmonary problems, including 开始学习
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pulmonary interstitial hemorrhage, hemothorax, mediastinal hemorrhage, pericardial effusion
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may hasten the development of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema 开始学习
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recent prolonged seizure event, brain injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, choking, electrocution
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thoracic-focused assessment sonography for trauma
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niefortunny, nierozważny, nieprzemyślany 开始学习
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zastoinowa niewydolność serca 开始学习
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CHF, congestive heart failure
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bez względu na coś, niezależnie od czegoś 开始学习
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cierpliwość, wytrzymałość 开始学习
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dławić się, krztusić się, dusić 开始学习
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przesączający, infiltrujący 开始学习
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obszerny, wszechstronny, pełny, wyczerpujący 开始学习
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