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开始学习
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开始学习
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niedoczynność kory nadnerczy 开始学习
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Addison’s disease, hypoadrenocorticism
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开始学习
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Addisonian crisis - signs (12) 开始学习
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cardiovascular collapse, lethargy, weakness, hypotension, poor peripheral pulses, cool extremities, prolonged capillary refill time, vomiting, diarrhea, inappetence, melena, weight loss
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开始学习
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开始学习
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Addisonian crisis - mineralocorticoid deficiency 开始学习
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hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, sodium: potassium ratio <27:1
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开始学习
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adrenocorticotropic hormone
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obstructions of the upper airway (ie, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea) typically cause 开始学习
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respiratory distress, cyanosis, loud breathing, "goose-honking"
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开始学习
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开始学习
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diseases and/or conditions that commonly cause upper airway obstruction include 开始学习
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severe allergic reactions, BAOS, laryngeal paralysis, tracheal collapse
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开始学习
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开始学习
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lower airway obstruction - signs 开始学习
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tachypnea, expiratory distress (ie, prolonged expiration), coughing, wheezes; radiographs - bronchial pattern
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开始学习
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lek rozszerzający oskrzela 开始学习
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开始学习
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wskazanie (do podawania leku) 开始学习
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开始学习
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开始学习
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开始学习
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immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, immune-mediated thrombocytopenia
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dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia - signs (8) 开始学习
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icterus, dark urine, lethargy, weakness, collapse, pale/icteric mucous membranes, anemia (ie, packed cell volume <30%), sometimes positive slide agglutination test
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开始学习
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immune-mediated thrombocytopenia - signs (11) 开始学习
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anemia, hypoproteinemia, severe thrombocytopenia (ie, platelets <20000 microlitre), epistaxis, hematuria, melena, hematochezia, petechiae, ecchymoses, hyphema, bleeding from the gums
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obecność świeżej krwi w kale 开始学习
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krwistek (krwotok do komory przedniej oka) 开始学习
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开始学习
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开始学习
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开始学习
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开始学习
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开始学习
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