|
问题 |
答案 |
all the companies or individuals ('middlemen') involved in moving goods or services from producers to consumers 开始学习
|
|
distrubution channel (kanał dystybucji)
|
|
|
an intermediary that stocks manufacturers' goods or merchandise, and sells it to retailers and professional buyers 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different requirements or buying habits 开始学习
|
|
market segmentation (segmentacja rynku)
|
|
|
making aproduct (appear to be) different from similar products offered by other sellers, by product differences, advertising, packaging, etc. 开始学习
|
|
product differentation (różnicowwanie produktu)
|
|
|
possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs in sectors in which a company can proftably produce goods or services 开始学习
|
|
market opportunities (możliwości rynkowe)
|
|
|
setting a high price for a new product, to make maximum revenue before competing products appear on the market 开始学习
|
|
market skimming (strategia spijania śmietanki)
|
|
|
someone who contacts existing and potential customers, and tries to persuade them to buy goods or services 开始学习
|
|
sales representative (przedstawiciel handlowy)
|
|
|
the attributes or characteristics of a product, such as slze, shape, quality, price, reliability, etc. 开始学习
|
|
product features (cechy produktu)
|
|
|
the extent to which supply or demand (the quantity produced or bought) of a product responds to changes of price 开始学习
|
|
price elasticity (elastyczność cenowa)
|
|
|
the strategy of setting a low price to try to sell a large volume and increase market share 开始学习
|
|
market penetration (penetracja rynku)
|
|
|
companies that design advertising for clients 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
the advertising ofa particular product or service during a particular period of time 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
the statement of objectives that a client works out with an advertising agency 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
a defined set of customers whose needs a company plans to satisfy 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
the amount of money a company plans to spend in developing its advertising and buying media time or space 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
the choice of where to advertise in order to reach the right people 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
choosing to spend the same amount on advertising as one's competitors 开始学习
|
|
comparative-parity method
|
|
|
a small amount of a product given to customers to encourage them to iry it 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
free advertising, when satisfied customers recommend products to their friends 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
trying to get consumers to forward an online marketing message to other people 开始学习
|
|
|
|
|
