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What kind of society is represented in "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"? 开始学习
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A small, rural, pre-Civil War Southern American community with strict moral codes, religious influence, and an underlying spirit of youthful rebellion.
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How can you interpret the title "The Red Badge of Courage," and why is it significant? 开始学习
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The title symbolizes a soldier’s wound as a mark of bravery, and the novel is significant for its psychological realism in depicting war.
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How many inflectional suffixes does English have, and what are they? 开始学习
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English has eight inflectional suffixes: -s (plural), -s (third-person singular), -ed (past tense), -ing (present participle), -en (past participle), -er (comparative), -est (superlative), and -'s/-s' (possessive).
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What is the United Kingdom? 开始学习
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The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, historically known for its emphasis on individualism and stability.
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What does IRA stand for, and is it a Catholic or Protestant organization? 开始学习
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The IRA (Irish Republican Army) is a paramilitary group supported mainly by the Catholic nationalist community in Northern Ireland, seeking unification with the Republic of Ireland.
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Is the British monarch the most powerful person in the UK? 开始学习
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No, the British monarch's power is largely ceremonial, while real political authority is held by the Prime Minister.
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What are five events that shaped the history of the English language? 开始学习
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The Anglo-Saxon settlement, Scandinavian settlements, the Norman Conquest, standardization of English, and British colonization/globalization.
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What is a brief chronology of the English language? 开始学习
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Old English (5th-11th centuries), Middle English (11th-15th centuries), and Modern English (16th century to present).
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Choose three language processes, define them, and provide examples. 开始学习
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Phonology (study of sounds, e.g., aspirated vs. unaspirated 'p'), Syntax (sentence structure, e.g., Subject-Verb-Object order), and Semantics (meaning changes, e.g., "silly" once meant "happy").
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Define Old English and its periodization. 开始学习
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Old English was the language spoken before and shortly after the Norman Conquest, divided into Pre-Old English (450-700), Early Old English (700-900), and Late Old English (900-1100).
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Give the titles of two tenth-century manuscripts. 开始学习
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*Beowulf* and the *Vercelli Book*.
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How does Beowulf reflect the idea that Old English poetry came through a "Christian filter"? 开始学习
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Though rooted in pagan warrior traditions, Beowulf includes Christian moral themes and biblical references due to its transcription by Christian monks.
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alternative: Choose three language processes, define them, and provide examples. 开始学习
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Borrowing: words are adopted from other languages ("safari" from Swahili), Sound Change: alters pronunciation over time (knight losing the [k] sound), Semantic Shift: word meanings evolve ("silly" shifting from "happy" to "foolish")
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What is the most populated part of Britain, and why? 开始学习
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Southeast England, especially London, due to its economic opportunities, transport links, and historical development.
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What is Stonehenge, and why was it built? 开始学习
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A prehistoric stone monument in Wiltshire, England, built around 2950-2090 B.C., possibly for religious, astronomical, or burial purposes.
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What are five influences of Roman lifestyle on the Celts? 开始学习
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Urban settlement development, advanced infrastructure, introduction of literacy, economic trade expansion, and cultural/religious blending.
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